Second Brain

Skills have become one of the most used extension points in Claude Code. They’re flexible, easy to make, and simple to distribute.

But this flexibility also makes it hard to know what works best. What type of skills are worth making? What's the secret to writing a good skill? When do you share them with others?

We've been using skills in Claude Code extensively at Anthropic with hundreds of them in active use. These are the lessons we've learned about using skills to accelerate our development.

If you’re new to skills, I’d recommend

or watching our newest course on

, this post will assume you already have some familiarity with skills.

A common misconception we hear about skills is that they are “just markdown files”, but the most interesting part of skills is that they’re not just text files. They’re folders that can include scripts, assets, data, etc. that the agent can discover, explore and manipulate.

In Claude Code, skills also have a

including registering dynamic hooks.

We’ve found that some of the most interesting skills in Claude Code use these configuration options and folder structure creatively.

After cataloging all of our skills, we noticed they cluster into a few recurring categories. The best skills fit cleanly into one; the more confusing ones straddle several. This isn't a definitive list, but it is a good way to think about if you're missing any inside of your org.

Skills that explain how to correctly use a library, CLI, or SDKs. These could be both for internal libraries or common libraries that Claude Code sometimes has trouble with. These skills often included a folder of reference code snippets and a list of gotchas for Claude to avoid when writing a script.

Examples:

billing-lib — your internal billing library: edge cases, footguns, etc.
internal-platform-cli — every subcommand of your internal CLI wrapper with examples on when to use them
frontend-design — make Claude better at your design system

Skills that describe how to test or verify that your code is working. These are often paired with an external tool like playwright, tmux, etc. for doing the verification.

Verification skills are extremely useful for ensuring Claude's output is correct. It can be worth having an engineer spend a week just making your verification skills excellent.

Consider techniques like having Claude record a video of its output so you can see exactly what it tested, or enforcing programmatic assertions on state at each step. These are often done by including a variety of scripts in the skill.

Examples:

signup-flow-driver — runs through signup → email verify → onboarding in a headless browser, with hooks for asserting state at each step
checkout-verifier — drives the checkout UI with Stripe test cards, verifies the invoice actually lands in the right state
tmux-cli-driver — for interactive CLI testing where the thing you're verifying needs a TTY

Skills that connect to your data and monitoring stacks. These skills might include libraries to fetch your data with credentials, specific dashboard ids, etc. as well as instructions on common workflows or ways to get data.

Examples:

funnel-query — "which events do I join to see signup → activation → paid" plus the table that actually has the canonical user_id
cohort-compare — compare two cohorts' retention or conversion, flag statistically significant deltas, link to the segment definitions
grafana — datasource UIDs, cluster names, problem → dashboard lookup table

Skills that automate repetitive workflows into one command. These skills are usually fairly simple instructions but might have more complicated dependencies on other skills or MCPs. For these skills, saving previous results in log files can help the model stay consistent and reflect on previous executions of the workflow.

Examples:

standup-post — aggregates your ticket tracker, GitHub activity, and prior Slack → formatted standup, delta-only
create-<ticket-system>-ticket — enforces schema (valid enum values, required fields) plus post-creation workflow (ping reviewer, link in Slack)
weekly-recap — merged PRs + closed tickets + deploys → formatted recap post

Skills that generate framework boilerplate for a specific function in codebase. You might combine these skills with scripts that can be composed. They are especially useful when your scaffolding has natural language requirements that can’t be purely covered by code.

Examples:

new-<framework>-workflow — scaffolds a new service/workflow/handler with your annotations
new-migration — your migration file template plus common gotchas
create-app — new internal app with your auth, logging, and deploy config pre-wired

Skills that enforce code quality inside of your org and help review code. These can include deterministic scripts or tools for maximum robustness. You may want to run these skills automatically as part of hooks or inside of a GitHub Action.

adversarial-review — spawns a fresh-eyes subagent to critique, implements fixes, iterates until findings degrade to nitpicks
code-style — enforces code style, especially styles that Claude does not do well by default.
testing-practices — instructions on how to write tests and what to test.

Skills that help you fetch, push, and deploy code inside of your codebase. These skills may reference other skills to collect data.

Examples:

babysit-pr — monitors a PR → retries flaky CI → resolves merge conflicts → enables auto-merge
deploy-<service> — build → smoke test → gradual traffic rollout with error-rate comparison → auto-rollback on regression
cherry-pick-prod — isolated worktree → cherry-pick → conflict resolution → PR with template

Skills that take a symptom (such as a Slack thread, alert, or error signature), walk through a multi-tool investigation, and produce a structured report.

Examples:

<service>-debugging — maps symptoms → tools → query patterns for your highest-traffic services
oncall-runner — fetches the alert → checks the usual suspects → formats a finding
log-correlator — given a request ID, pulls matching logs from every system that might have touched it

Skills that perform routine maintenance and operational procedures — some of which involve destructive actions that benefit from guardrails. These make it easier for engineers to follow best practices in critical operations.

Examples:

<resource>-orphans — finds orphaned pods/volumes → posts to Slack → soak period → user confirms → cascading cleanup
dependency-management — your org's dependency approval workflow
cost-investigation — "why did our storage/egress bill spike" with the specific buckets and query patterns

Once you've decided on the skill to make, how do you write it? These are some of the best practices, tips, and tricks we've found.

We also recently released

to make it easier to create skills in Claude Code.

Claude Code knows a lot about your codebase, and Claude knows a lot about coding, including many default opinions. If you’re publishing a skill that is primarily about knowledge, try to focus on information that pushes Claude out of its normal way of thinking.

The

is a great example — it was built by one of the engineers at Anthropic by iterating with customers on improving Claude’s design taste, avoiding classic patterns like the Inter font and purple gradients.

The highest-signal content in any skill is the Gotchas section. These sections should be built up from common failure points that Claude runs into when using your skill. Ideally, you will update your skill over time to capture these gotchas.

Like we said earlier, a skill is a folder, not just a markdown file. You should think of the entire file system as a form of context engineering and progressive disclosure. Tell Claude what files are in your skill, and it will read them at appropriate times.

The simplest form of progressive disclosure is to point to other markdown files for Claude to use. For example, you may split detailed function signatures and usage examples into references/api.md.

Another example: if your end output is a markdown file, you might include a template file for it in assets/ to copy and use.

You can have folders of references, scripts, examples, etc., which help Claude work more effectively.

Claude will generally try to stick to your instructions, and because Skills are so reusable you’ll want to be careful of being too specific in your instructions. Give Claude the information it needs, but give it the flexibility to adapt to the situation. For example:

Some skills may need to be set up with context from the user. For example, if you are making a skill that posts your standup to Slack, you may want Claude to ask which Slack channel to post it in.

A good pattern to do this is to store this setup information in a config.json file in the skill directory like the above example. If the config is not set up, the agent can then ask the user for information.

If you want the agent to present structured, multiple choice questions you can instruct Claude to use the AskUserQuestion tool.

When Claude Code starts a session, it builds a listing of every available skill with its description. This listing is what Claude scans to decide "is there a skill for this request?" Which means the description field is not a summary — it's a description of when to trigger this PR.

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